A bacia do Tarumã-Açu e o reconhecimento como ente vivo e sujeito de direitos

Abstract

This research aimed to analyze the requirements for recognizing the Tarumã-Açu Basin as a living entity with legal rights, based on national and international experiences of granting legal personality to water resources. The following specific objectives were outlined: 1. To examine international experiences of recognizing rivers as subjects of rights, identifying applicable models and requirements; 2. To analyze Brazilian cases of granting legal personality to natural resources, especially the precedent of the Laje River in Guajará-Mirim; 3. To characterize the socio-environmental importance of the Tarumã-Açu Basin for Manaus and its interrelation with local ecosystems. The research sought to answer what are the legal and procedural requirements for recognizing the Tarumã-Açu Basin as a living entity and subject of rights, considering successful national and international experiences. The hypothesis argued that recognizing the Tarumã-Açu Basin as a living entity with its own rights represents an innovative and effective legal instrument for its protection, based on precedents that demonstrate the viability of this approach. The methodology adopted the deductive method, with qualitative analysis supported by bibliographic and documentary research, including national and foreign legislation, paradigmatic judicial decisions, Brazilian municipal experiences, and official documents on water resources. The study concluded that the legal recognition of the Tarumã-Açu Basin as a living entity and subject of rights finds support in consolidated international precedents and pioneering Brazilian experience, representing a viable and necessary legal instrument for protecting the water resources that supply Manaus.