Modelagem de dados secundários e desenvolvimento de painéis de dados sobre Covid-19: uma abordagem com ferramenta de Business Intelligence

Abstract

Chapter 1 - With the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, Brazil was one of the most affected countries, with high mortality and lethality rates, when compared to other countries with large populations. Information about the possibility of new waves of the disease, with an overload of health services, is crucial, not only for the population, but for the authorities responsible for preparing these services, being mandatory to monitor the disease indicators. The purpose of this article is to describe the presentation of an interactive website with the panorama of COVID-19 in Brazil, located on the website of the Graduate Program in Basic and Applied Immunology (PPGIBA) in https://ppgiba.ufam.edu.br, or on the direct link https://bit.ly/2Xj7oy5. It is a data panel or dashboard that allows the monitoring of indicators of lethality, mortality and incidence in any period of the pandemic by region and states of the country, as well as the evolution of vaccination. These data are periodically updated with the closing of the epidemiological week on Saturday, making it possible to follow the historical scenario of the disease and vaccination in Brazil, in an intuitive and dynamic way.

Chapter 2 - Covid-19 is a non-preventable disease using drugs, and immunization is essential for population protection. Vaccines, in the face of new strains of circulating SARS-CoV-2, seem to protect less from infection (primary protection). Studies evaluating vaccine protection after infection are essential, aiming to analyze secondary protection (evolution of infection to SRAS) and tertiary (SRAS for death). This article analyzes this last degree of protection, to differentiate the efficacy of the various vaccines, in cases already with important pulmonary involvement. We used the records of the Information System of Epidemiological Surveillance of Influenza, filtered the data of SRAS by Covid-19 in 2021. We analyzed the vaccine effect regarding the survival and density of deaths, differentiating those with better efficacy over time. Our findings demonstrate the efficiency of the Covid-19 Vaccination in Brazil regarding the protection for death of patients already with SARS. The AstraZeneca vaccine showed the best protection for the elderly, especially in the 3rd and 4th trimester of the year, when it was more effective in this age group than in the general population. CoronaVac and Janssen vaccine were the most effective in the population, but without any protection among the elderly. In this scenario of less protection with the circulation of the omicron and its variants; and also, the little access to protective drugs for the most severe evolution, studies such as ours can clarify which vaccines should preferably be used as a booster in the various population groups.