Renda da terra e da água na economia camponesa do rio Negro: um estudo na comunidade Dom Pedro II – Barcelos-AM.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to understand the contribution of agriculture and fishing to the income of the peasant economy in the Amazon, specifically in the Dom Pedro II Community, in Barcelos, Amazonas. The research adopted a theoretical-empirical approach, analyzing the ecosystem of the study area based on the reality experienced by the peasants of the community, in synchrony with the hydrological cycle (flood/full, ebb/drought). The concepts of ecosystem, Amazonian peasantry, territory, territoriality, peasant economy and land income were fundamental, using authors such as Chayanov, Ariovaldo U. Oliveira, Marx, Raffestin, David Ricardo, Teodor Shanin, Tavares dos Santos, among others. The research sought to emphasize the factors that influenced and continue to influence the practice of family farming in upland and floodable areas, as well as fishing activity in rivers, lakes, and black water igapós, to understand its objectives and benefits for social reproduction. and economic development of peasant families in the community. The study area is located on the middle Rio Negro, in the municipality of Barcelos, and is known as Community Dom Pedro II. Currently, it has sixteen resident families, who are producers and fishers and preserve typical characteristics of Amazonian families in their rural context, about land, water, and forest. Fishing is the most common activity and the main source of economic income for families in the community. Through the study, it was possible to identify a local identity based on the territorial traits that these families develop through their traditional knowledge (ethnoknowledge), transmitted from generation to generation. Given this context, the interest in carrying out this research arose, aiming to contribute to the development of scientific knowledge, exploring the theme of "income from land and water in the Amazon peasant economy".