O desenho científico numa perspectiva vigotskiana: criação, zona de desenvolvimento e cuidado na formação em enfermagem na amazônia brasileira

Abstract

This research is part of the Graduate Program in Education in the Amazon/ PGDA Full Association Network - Doctorate in Education in the Amazon - Manaus Campus under the research line of Knowledge, Language and Education. It focused on the pedagogical value given to drawings in teaching the biological aspects of human beings; these are the initial content of the nursing course. Our thesis was based on that drawings are not just illustrations, but authorial constructions, sometimes are seen as processes, sometimes auxiliary tools for learning scientific concepts, and sometimes as raising awareness of associations and enable undergraduates to create meaning beyond organs, muscles, cells, allowing them to see the human being as a whole. We set a general goal to understand the production of drawings by undergraduates in Biological Aspects of the Human Being lesson as a process of developing the typical care skill of the nursing profession from a Vygotskian perspective of creation and zone of development. In particular, we wanted to describe the collective and individual stages from the educational practice of drawing in the time- space of the teaching module activities; emphasize the tensions and contractions for undergraduates in the experience of learning through the action of drawing; analyze assessment processes proposed by the lecturer. Once this work was qualitative research, it was used case study method, and was conducted in a bachelor's degree in nursing at a high education institution located in Boa Vista, in the state of Roraima. In 2024, the lecturer responsible for the module, 24 undergraduates, and 10 monitors participated in this field research. Vygotsky’s concepts of creation and zone of development, besides the care concept, the nursing essence, formed the three central categories of analysis, accompanied by the mediation of three subcategories, that is to say, caring for oneself, caring for others, and caring for people in an analysis of content by Bardin (2016). When we (un)cover our thesis based upon strokes of what we name LAPIS - Reading and Analysis of Drawing Practice for Freshmen Students in Health, we realized that the pedagogical joining of Art-Education-Nursing constituted in the act of drawing showed promising in terms of potential, but also, exposed weaknesses, for instance, when the practice of drawing was remembered with words namely tiring, frightening, shocking and desperate. We can say that the production of drawings related to the teaching content provided undergraduates with the opportunity to build knowledge validating their level of mastery of the concepts studied. Furthermore, the drawings, were a source of association with facts from personal, academic and educational life, giving the practice of drawing features that can be seen from the perspective of a process with the potential to qualitatively relate to other content, modules, methodologies, and human interactions which will be shared throughout the undergraduate course.