Avaliação e otimização do Protocolo 5GAKE para segurança em redes 5G: uma abordagem baseada em emulação

Abstract

This dissertation aims to evaluate and optimize the 5GAKE authentication and key establishment protocol for security in 5G networks, using an emulation environment. The research focuses on the implementation of a 5GAKEstack emulator, a functional version of the protocol, in order to identify potential operational vulnerabilities and propose improvements that enhance its resilience against cyberattacks. The methodology involves configuring various simulated scenarios with different types of attacks, using widely adopted academic research tools, such as man-in-the-middle and replay attacks, and network simulators like NS3 and OpenAirInterface. In parallel with the experimental analysis, this research also incorporates a formal verification stage of the protocol using the ESBMC (Efficient SMT-Based Context-Bounded Model Checker). Furthermore, the study addresses the analysis of the impact of the proposed optimizations on network performance, measuring parameters such as latency and protocol efficiency. The use of the emulation environment allows exploration of the protocol’s behavior under controlled conditions, enabling experimentation and replication of results without the need for large-scale physical infrastructure. With this approach, the work aims to contribute to the enhancement of security standards in 5G, offering practical solutions that can be adopted to mitigate risks associated with device authentication and data protection. The expected outcomes include the identification of weaknesses in the current protocol and the validation of proposed improvements in terms of increased security and minimized impact on network performance.