Sistema tradicional e orgânico de produção do guaranazeiro (Paullinia cupana Kunth) no Alto Urupadí: Caminhos para sustentabilidade, produtividade e qualidade.

Abstract

This thesis analyzed guaraná cultivation practiced by family farming in the municipality of Maués, Amazonas, focusing on traditional, agroecological, and organic production systems and considering the socio-environmental specificities of the Alto Urupadí region. The study was based on the hypothesis that the integration of traditional and organic practices meets indicators of productivity, quality, and sustainability. The objective was to evaluate organic guaraná production in family-based agroecosystems using technical, environmental, and socioeconomic indicators. The results highlighted the historical and socioeconomic importance of guaraná, as well as the relevance of traditional knowledge and sustainable management practices adopted by farmers. Agroecosystem sustainability was classified as moderate (IGS = 0.52), with stronger performance in social and environmental dimensions and weaknesses in economic and institutional aspects. Soil attributes such as organic matter and carbon showed positive correlations with guaraná growth and productivity, while aluminum exhibited a negative effect. Grain quality was closely associated with management practices, harvesting, and post-harvest processing. It is concluded that guaraná cultivation in Alto Urupadí represents a sustainable production model based on agroecological management and strong socioeconomic relevance; however, it still requires greater institutional support, public policies, and expanded access to differentiated markets.