Proposta de aplicação da blockchain na cadeia de produção da copaíba (Copaifera spp.): o uso do Sistema Estruturado Legal de Valores Amazônicos (SELVA)

Abstract

The supply chain of copaiba oleoresin (Copaifera spp.) in the Amazon faces significant governance gaps, including illegal extraction, fragmented documentation, low informational standardization, and limited verifiability of legal compliance. These factors undermine transparency, traceability, and the fair capture of value by local producers. This thesis analyzes how Blockchain technology can contribute to the legal protection of Associated Traditional Knowledge (ATK) and to the improvement of sustainable governance in this production chain through SELVA — the Structured Legal System of Amazonian Values. Conceived as a sociotechnical platform for governance, traceability, and the registration of sociobiodiversity assets, the model is based on the hypothesis that Blockchain-based traceability can support mechanisms of transparency, origin verification, documentary integrity, and the fair and equitable sharing of economic benefits associated with the use of traditional knowledge in Amazonian production chains. The methodology combines the Value-Focused Thinking (VFT) approach, aimed at structuring values and strategic objectives, with the logic of Design Science Research (DSR), oriented toward the development and evaluation of technological artifacts. Data collection and analysis involved an integrative literature review, documentary analysis, examination of the legal framework applicable to biodiversity and ATK, and semi-structured interviews with actors from analogous Amazonian production chains, used to identify cross-cutting challenges related to traceability, documentation, connectivity, governance, and market access. As a result, smart contract components and web applications were designed and subsequently evaluated through scripted validation in a controlled local Ethereum environment, with the capture of transaction hashes, block numbers, emitted events, and read-only state queries, allowing the verification of functional correctness, record integrity, and system auditability. The results demonstrate the technical feasibility of immutable batch registration, traceable ownership transfers, cryptographic anchoring of supporting documents, and public verification through QR codes. From an analytical perspective, SELVA contributes to reducing informational asymmetries, increasing the visibility of local producers, and creating institutional conditions for more transparent models of governance and benefit-sharing in Amazonian sociobiodiversity chains. The validation performed corresponds to Technology Readiness Level 4 (TRL 4), establishing functional correctness and a reconstructible audit trail after data entry, but not demonstrating full legal enforcement or physical-digital authentication of the batch. As a practical implication, the thesis presents a replicable and auditable digital infrastructure, with potential evolution toward consortium environments and field pilots, capable of strengthening the governance of the Amazon bioeconomy by articulating technological innovation, protection of traditional knowledge, and sustainable development.