Efeito reparador tecidual de uma pomada orabase de extrato de Libidibia ferrea L. para tratamento de úlceras da cavidade bucal em ratos diabéticos.

Abstract

Libidibia ferrea L. (jucá) has demonstrated promising therapeutic results in anti-inflammatory and healing, antimicrobial, analgesic and antipyretic properties. The present study performed physicochemical quality control and evaluated the healing activity in oral ulcers induced under topical therapy with Libidibia ferrea L. orabase ointment in rats with diabetes mellitus. For this purpose, Study 1 was carried out - “in vitro”: centrifugation tests, pH, density, rheological behavior, microbiological evaluation for research of contaminants and pathogenic microorganisms and organoleptic characteristics, under the physical storage conditions and experimental periods; and Study 2 - “in vivo”: healing action of the ointment on oral ulcers of rats with diabetes mellitus, divided into 5 groups: negative control - normosystem rats (G1), positive control - diabetic rats (G2), positive control - triamcinolone (G3), jucá group (G4) and orabase group (G5), through histopathological analysis, collagenesis, immunohistochemistry for IL-1, TNF-a, TGF-b and CD31, on days 01, 05 and 10 after ulcerative induction. In study 1, discrete separation of the oily phase without precipitates was observed under the conditions tested; in the pH test, there was a significant difference between the conditions tested, with the refrigerator showing a significant difference in relation to the air conditioning and TAC, presenting the most stable pH (±6.56); the density was stable during the 12 months; in terms of viscosity, the ointment was of the pseudoplastic/plastic type; the microbiological evaluation did not demonstrate the presence of contaminants; there were no color changes, with a strong and aromatic odor and the presence of shine and smooth consistency, and absence of granulations. Study 2 demonstrated differences in the values of ulcer sizes as well as their reduction during the evaluated period. Groups G1 and G4 were those that presented the smallest ulcer sizes at the end of the experiment, 5.26 cm and 6.42 cm, respectively. Evaluating the body weight of the rats, it was observed that G1 (7.84) presented weight gain in all periods and G4 on days 05 (2.75) and 10 (4.45), as well as group G5 (6.60) on day 10. Histopathologically, there was no significant difference in ulcer scores on days 01 and 05 in all groups (score 4). However, on day 10 there was a significant difference between groups G1 (2.75) and G5 (3.62), with no such difference existing in the other groups. The best results for total collagen activity (22.11 and 19.77), type I (14.80 and 13.91) and type III (7.31 and 5.85) were observed between groups G1 and G4 after 10 days. Histopathologically, there was no significant difference in ulcerative scores on days 01 and 05 in all groups (score 4). However, on day 10 there was a significant difference between groups G1 (2.75) and G5 (3.62), with no such difference in the other groups. The best results for total collagen activity (22.11 and 19.77), type I (14.80 and 13.91) and type III (7.31 and 5.85) were observed between groups G1 and G4 after 10 days. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated delayed healing associated with high levels of IL- 1, mainly in group G3 (741.20). When evaluating TNF-a, a decrease was observed in all groups, except in G1 (11.33) and G3 (50.20) where there were no significant changes. On day 05, all groups had an increase in TGF-b, with the exception of group G5 (9.50), and a significant increase was also noted in groups G2 (181.67), G3 (119.20) and G4 (24.33) on day 10. Finally, when evaluating CD31, none of the groups showed statistical differences on day 05, however, on day 10, those that expressed the most were groups G4 (130.33) and G5 (150.00). Based on the results presented, the formulation showed physical-chemical stability in all storage conditions and time tested, with better results when stored in the refrigerator, as well as effectiveness in tissue repair, suggesting the indication of the healing activity of the proposed phytotherapeutic formulation when used for the treatment of oral ulcers in diabetic rats.