Elaboração de um guia prático para a laserterapia de baixa intensidade em cirurgias odontológicas: revisão de escopo e evidências para a melhoria do cuidado ao paciente

Abstract

JUSTIFICATION: The popularization of laser equipment is making the technology more accessible. However, given the diversity of usage protocols, it is necessary to establish easily reproducible parameters for the benefit of patients. There is a growing challenge for healthcare professionals to stay up to date with the literature, making reviews essential to list and summarize advances in healthcare through evidence-based practice. Furthermore, reviews also identify areas where knowledge gaps exist. Therefore, gathering evidence on the use of lasers in minor oral surgery will enable the development of a clear and effective guide, with parameters that can be reproduced by the greatest number of professionals, to achieve greater success in treatment execution. OBJECTIVES: To develop a practical guide for the use of low-level laser therapy in surgical dental procedures, aiming to minimize pain and modulate the repair process. METHOD: A tertiary study in the form of a Guide, carried out through a scoping review, using searches in the following databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed), and Web of Science / Core Collection (Clarivate Analytics), Cochrane, and ScienceDirect. The PRISMA-ScR checklist was used to guide the writing of the review, along with a manual search involving national and international books, consensus documents, and guidelines from the scientific society. RESULTS: Through the literature review and data extraction, a guide was developed to facilitate decision-making by professionals treating individuals under these conditions. CONCLUSION: The heterogeneity of methodological designs remains the main characteristic of the evidence available in the literature. Therefore, the use of LLLT as an adjuvant resource in dental surgical procedures should be carried out with caution. The expected results—such as the reduction of pain and edema, as well as the acceleration of the healing process—are directly related to the type of laser used, the dose applied, the route of application (intraoral or extraoral), and the number of sessions performed.