A responsabilidade labor-ambiental da plataforma Uber na prevenção do hiperfuncionamento laboral

Abstract

This research examines Uber’s labor-environmental responsibility in preventing the overwork phenomenon among Uber drivers, with a focus on the city of Manaus. The general objective is to analyze the digital platform’s labor-environmental responsibility in mitigating this issue. To achieve this, four specific objectives were defined, structuring the chapters of the dissertation: (i) to examine the transformations in the morphology of labor throughout history, highlighting the impacts of technological revolutions on work organization and the protection of workers’ health; (ii) to investigate the mechanisms of algorithmic management in digital platforms, with an emphasis on algorithmic subordination and the vulnerability of drivers in the face of control dynamics and data collection; (iii) to identify occupational risks and the impacts of overwork, linking them to the fundamental right to a healthy and balanced work environment; and (iv) to assess Uber’s labor-environmental responsibility, considering the environmentalist paradigm and the principles of prevention, precaution, and the polluter-pays principle. The research adopts a qualitative approach, with an empirical and legal-exploratory perspective, grounded in the hypothetical-deductive method. The literature review was conducted using academic databases such as Google Scholar, SciELO, and CAPES Journals, complemented by the analysis of legal proceedings filed by drivers against Uber in Manaus between 2021 and 2023. These data enabled the investigation of Uber drivers’ working hours, as recorded in hearing minutes. The findings indicate that the algorithmic management of digital platforms contributes to overwork, compromising drivers' psychophysical health and posing risks to the broader community, such as traffic accidents. The analysis is based on the premise that Uber holds labor-environmental responsibility and should adopt preventive measures to ensure a healthy, safe work environment aligned with constitutional and environmental principles. In conclusion, this study aims to contribute to the advancement of legal-academic debates and the formulation of public policies aimed at protecting app-based workers, promoting dignity, health, and well-being in the gig work context.