Hipertensão e fatores associados em profissionais de enfermagem do subsistema de saúde indígena do Alto Rio Negro

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic arterial hypertension is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and represents a significant public health problem, especially among healthcare workers exposed to adverse working conditions. In the context of the Indigenous Health Care Subsystem, the territorial, organizational, and intercultural specificities of work can potentiate vulnerabilities to the cardiovascular health of these professionals, which are still under-investigated in the literature. Objective: To estimate the prevalence and associated factors of arterial hypertension among nursing professionals working in the Indigenous Health Subsystem of the Upper Rio Negro. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, analytical study conducted with 164 nursing professionals, nurses and nursing technicians, working in indigenous health services in the municipality of São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas. Sociodemographic, occupational, behavioral, and anthropometric data were collected, in addition to blood pressure measurements, between May and July 2025. The analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics, with the application of bivariate tests and logistic regression to identify factors associated with arterial hypertension. The study adhered to the ethical guidelines of CNS Resolution No. 466/2012. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 16.5% among the professionals evaluated. In the bivariate analysis, hypertension was associated with age, body mass index, and indicators of central adiposity. In the adjusted logistic regression model, age (adjusted OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.04–1.18), increased risk of waist-to-hip ratio (adjusted OR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.06–0.89), elevated conicity index (adjusted OR = 17.26; 95% CI: 3.41–∞), and basal metabolism (adjusted OR = 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00 1.01) remained independently associated with hypertension. Conclusion: The occurrence of hypertension among nursing professionals working in indigenous health highlights the need to strengthen occupational health surveillance, with the systematic incorporation of clinical and anthropometric indicators, as well as the development of health promotion strategies adapted to the intercultural and occupational specificities of Amazonian indigenous territories.