O discurso presente nos enunciados das redes sociais sobre a desconstrução do sujeito: interações dialógicas

Abstract

The word “deconstruction” is increasingly consolidated as part of the vocabulary of social movements in Brazil, and has been conveyed in several statements that circulate as the demand for a stance to be taken in the face of social and historical problems. It is said, therefore, that the subject needs to deconstruct itself from oppressive notions historically structured in society, placing itself as the center of analysis, monitoring actions and speeches that may link racist, sexist and LGBTQphobic images. In addition to the philosophical sense, deconstruction seems to be taken in a more practical sense, gaining more space and, therefore, generating different meanings, interpretations and consequences. In the present research, we make use of Dialogical Discourse Analysis, based on Bakhtin's theoretical-methodological postulates to analyze these statements present in social networks, in order to evidence and understand how it has been gaining meaning, dialoguing with social structures and how subjects have responded to this demand from the notion of responsive understanding. For this, we delimited the posts made from 2020 and 2021 and use the logic of the algorithm itself that selects which content will appear on my social networks according to my profile. In this way, we emphasize how this technological context participates in the formation of discourses. The analyzed materials are memes and tweets, which are analyzed within their individualities, since for the Bakhtinian theory discursive genres play an important role in understanding the formation of discourses. We also resort to philosophical readings of the notion of deconstruction, as well as feminist, black and LGBTQ+ theories, to contextualize the demands of social movements. With this, we verified that deconstruction as a process of decentralization of the subject from himself, to perceive issues that do not constitute him and do not place him in a disadvantaged position within this social and economic system, is one of the deconstructions that we see emerging in the statements of social networks and that for there to be legitimacy in the process, it must not be a process that comes to an end, in this way we find a relationship with the philosophical movement that postulates deconstruction. The tensions that arise from the debate involve the historical problems of exclusion in the construction of the left, and a fear of allying certain guidelines to a neoliberal policy, but often without understanding that other forces now participate in the formation of discourses, which constitute the forces policies that form the virtual field and determine the spaces of socialization according to their economic logic.