Atributos químicos e físicos do solo e manejo das infestantes com uso de plantas de cobertura

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of cover crops on soil chemical and physical attributes and weed management in the Amazon region. Understanding the interaction between cover crop species and soil is essential for promoting more sustainable agricultural practices that minimize environmental impacts and conserve biome resources. To this end, experiments were conducted in an agricultural area at the Experimental Farm of the Federal University of Amazonas, where different species of cover crops were applied, including Mucuna pruriens, Brachiaria ruziziensis, Canavalia ensiformis, and Arachis pintoi, in addition to a chemical treatment and a control. The chemical properties of the soil, such as pH, cation exchange capacity, available nutrients, as well as physical properties, such as density and porosity, were evaluated during the experimental period. A survey of the composition of weeds over time was also conducted. The results showed that the cover species promoted improvements in the chemical attributes of the soil, with emphasis on increased pH and greater phosphorus availability, indicating a positive contribution to fertility. As for the physical properties, the changes were not evident. Cover crops influenced the composition and dynamics of weeds, reducing biodiversity and suppressing some species over time, highlighting the potential of cover crops in suppressing weeds.