Tematização e ensino dos jogos e brincadeiras indígenas como estratégia didático-pedagógica de uma educação física para o bem viver: uma experiência em São Gabriel da Cachoeira/AM

Abstract

Faced with the disconnection of the pedagogical curriculum from the territory and aiming to propose an intercultural education, this study aimed to investigate how the thematization and teaching of Indigenous games and play can constitute a didacticpedagogical strategy for a Physical Education focused on well-being. This is a formative didactic experiment, based on Davydov's developmental teaching, conducted within the scope of the National Professional Master's Degree in Physical Education (PROEF), with first-year students from the integrated technical courses at IFAM – São Gabriel da Cachoeira Campus, of whom 97% self-identified as Indigenous. The research unfolded into two main categories. The first category was related to the teaching work carried out in the teaching activity. A teaching plan was structured with 13 sessions based on Davydov's six actions to develop theoretical thinking. Throughout these actions, the concept of "Bem Viver" (Well Living) was explored, based on the understanding of Costa and Xucuru-Kariri (2020) and Krenak (2020; 2022), who see it as the coexistence with all forms of life, interconnected. The second category was related to the students' work, materialized in the study activity. The students developed study tasks in which they identified and described a variety of games and play from their daily lives, such as "arranca mandioca/puxa cuia", "bandeirinha", "passarinho na árvore", "guerra de balão", "sete pecados", "polícia e ladrão", "tacobol", "garrafão" and "peteca", in addition to other bodily practices explored. These practices were associated with the concept of Bem Viver and organized through developmental teaching, which proved effective in structuring the teaching work and introducing the concept of well-being through Indigenous games and play. As a legacy of this study, the pedagogical guide "Musarai" was created, which systematizes the pedagogical sequence and presents suggestions for a strategy based on developmental teaching. It is considered that developmental didactics, by thematizing and teaching Indigenous games and play, has become an effective strategy for organizing study tasks and teaching work in a Physical Education oriented towards Bem Viver.