Nota pública sindical: um gênero discursivo à luz do pensamento Bakhtiniano

Abstract

The general objective of this thesis is to characterize and systematize the understanding of the trade union public statement as a discursive genre based on the theoretical-methodological framework of Mikhail Bakhtin and the Bakhtin Circle, drawing on the texts "Speech Genres" (Bakhtin, 2016) and "Marxism and the Philosophy of Language" (Voloshinov, 2006/2021), within the context of discursive production in the sphere of trade union communication, aiming at the didactic transposition of the genre. The specific objectives were: (a) to define the concept of trade union public statement based on a literature review compared with Bakhtinian genre theory; (b) to identify the constitutive elements of the trade union public statement; and (c) to develop a didactic sequence methodology for writing trade union public statements. To this end, the study was based on documentary and bibliographic research, focusing on a dialogic and transdisciplinary approach. The main contribution lies in the elaboration of the concept of trade union public statement, defined as a discursive genre constructed around themes of interest that govern the lives of individuals within the sphere of trade union communication, implying specific demands of the political struggle of the working class. More than an informative instrument, the trade union public statement is, above all, a mediation tool for political organization and the formation of social consciousness among the working class. Another important contribution is the identification of the constitutive elements of this genre, such as its compositional structure, which presents relative stability, marked by informative and argumentative paragraphs, including title, sequence of paragraphs expressing the speaker’s voice, historical background, contextual analysis, central thesis, slogan or key phrase, signature, date, and place of publication. The style is predominantly marked by argumentation and the use of lexical resources characteristic of militant and mobilizing language. The thematic content is influenced by contextual and/or historical aspects, serving as a record of memory for a trade union entity and constituting a discursive project whose ideological positioning aims to inform and fulfill a pedagogical function, mainly directed at members of trade union organizations. In order to contribute to the promotion of this discursive genre in educational contexts, a didactic sequence proposal for writing trade union public statements was developed based on Dolz, Noverraz, and Schneuwly (2004). This approach aims to expand access to new or less-mastered language practices and to encourage the understanding of writing as a continuous rewriting process. This approach fosters the development of autonomy, critical thinking, linguistic reflection, and argumentative skills, as well as supporting teaching practices in aspects such as cohesion, coherence, structure, and discursive production. Thus, this thesis contributes by legitimizing the trade union public statement as an ideological and formative genre within Bakhtinian theory and, methodologically, by providing a didactic framework for its use in both basic and higher education, as well as in the praxis of social struggle.