Os serviços ambientais prestados pela Floresta Amazônica e a proposta de remuneração financeira para manutenção da floresta em pé pelos estados nacionais não amazônicos

Abstract

The objective of this research was to propose a compensation model for Amazonian environmental services based on the economic capacity of Brazilian federative units, integrating economic and territorial criteria. The methodology adopted in this study was the deductive method, through which general analyses were conducted in order to reach a particular conclusion. Regarding the means employed, the research relied on doctrinal analysis, legislation, and empirical research available on the internet, using a systemic methodology for collecting observable data, real evidence, observations, and concrete experiences derived from economic and territorial data from official sources. This approach enabled the simulation of financial flows and the assessment of their distributive effects. In terms of purpose, the research aimed to produce a quali-quantitative outcome, combining qualitative methods – such as the interpretation of subjectivities, meanings, and diverse doctrinal positions—with quantitative methods – such as numerical measurement, percentiles, and statistical analysis – thereby integrating both the “why” and the “how much,” resulting in a richer and more comprehensive outcome. The results demonstrated the operational feasibility of the model and its potential to promote the internalization of positive environmental externalities associated with the conservation of the Amazon rainforest by redistributing environmental burdens proportionally to the economic capacity of the states. The conclusion indicates that the model contributes to the development of a more equitable environmental compensation mechanism, fostering the valuation of ecosystem services and strengthening environmental governance within the Brazilian federal context.