Tecnologia cuidativo-educacional para auxiliar o enfermeiro no acolhimento aos ribeirinhos amazônicos no óbito fetal

Abstract

Fetal loss represents the end of the expectations and transformations that occur in a woman's body during pregnancy. It marks the conclusion of a cycle of dreams and hopes surrounding the anticipated birth of the baby. This moment, symbolizing both a beginning and an end, must be addressed with great sensitivity and individuality to prevent future emotional scars. Objective: To develop a care-educational technology employing therapeutic communication to assist nurses in supporting mothers and families in riverside communities during fetal loss. Method: The study was divided into two stages. The first stage involved an integrative literature review (ILR) guided by a research question formed using the PICo strategy, where P corresponds to the participants (in this case, mothers), I represents the phenomenon of interest (therapeutic communication), and Co refers to the study context (fetal loss). The search was conducted in November 2023 across databases and portals such as CAPES – Cafe, BVS, LILACS, BDENF, Scielo, and PubMed. The initial analysis of the reviewed studies revealed reports highlighting the lack of therapeutic communication and active listening strategies. The second stage involved data collection with nurses working in maternity wards through interviews with 16 nurses from various departments, using a semi-structured questionnaire to identify the challenges these professionals face in addressing mothers and families in their daily practice. Based on this information, a product was developed—a storyboard containing guidelines on implementing therapeutic communication to support individuals during fetal loss. The storyboard was evaluated by 11 expert judges, and the analytical methods used for content validation were the CVI and IVA. However, the analysis of structure and presentation was not validated due to the need for adjustments, which will be made before producing the video. Results: Based on the data obtained through the integrative literature review (ILR) and the data collected from interviews with nurses, an educational storyboard was developed, providing detailed guidelines on the implementation of therapeutic communication in the support of grieving mothers and families. The importance of a structured and empathetic approach in addressing this population is emphasized. Final considerations: This study unveils the experiences of nursing professionals when faced with fetal death and explores the dimensions of nursing care, shedding light on how to support Amazonian riverside mothers and families during such moments, with the aim of potentially reducing the emotional impact generated in these situations.