Estudo sobre a influência da energia de deposição, da frequência de pulsação e do tipo de resfriamento na energia absorvida no Ensaio Charpy V de produtos metálicos obtidos por manufatura aditiva

Abstract

Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) is a specific technique for additive manufacturing using metallic materials, offering advantages in producing large, high-quality parts with high material deposition rates. This technique is particularly used in industrial sectors such as aerospace, automotive, and oil and gas. However, one of the main challenges of this process is related to heat accumulation during layer deposition, which directly impacts geometry, leading to undesirable changes in microstructures and consequently altering the mechanical properties of the part. One approach to reducing the time that the lower layers remain heated during and after the deposition of new layers is to employ cooling techniques that remove heat throughout the deposition process, especially indirect cooling, where a coolant fluid aids in heat dissipation. In this context, this study examines manufacturing parameters and conditions as factors in an experimental design to analyze the influence of variations in these parameters on the absorbed energy in the Charpy V impact test of metallic products manufactured via WAAM. The considered parameters were deposition energy, pulse frequency, and cooling type. The results indicate a significant variation in hardness when comparing the microhardness averages of layers CP2, CP3, and CP7. However, the differences did not exceed 7.15%. Additionally, in the analysis of geometric dimensions, deposition energy was identified as the most influential factor, with samples exhibiting high deposition energy showing smaller average widths and greater heights. Although deposition energy appears to be one of the most influential factors in the process, it did not generate a significant difference in the absorbed energy in the Charpy test, as the obtained averages did not show relevant variations among the samples.