Nutrição no pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica: elaboração de um guia prático para nutricionistas

Abstract

JUSTIFICATION: Obesity is a chronic multifactorial disease characterized by excessive accumulation of body fat, representing a significant public health challenge due to its associated metabolic and nutritional complications. Bariatric surgery stands out as an effective intervention for treating severe obesity, but it requires specific and continuous nutritional care in the postoperative period to prevent deficiencies and complications. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a practical nutritional guide for the postoperative management of bariatric surgery, directed to nutritionists, providing clear, up-to-date, evidence-based guidelines for managing the nutritional needs of these patients. METHOD: This is a qualitative narrative review conducted through a systematic review of current scientific literature from PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS databases, in addition to recognized guidelines from ASPEN, ESPEN, ABESO, and BRASPEN. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively to develop the guide. RESULTS: A detailed practical guide was developed, structured clearly into sections, covering topics from preoperative nutritional assessment through postoperative dietary phases, specific nutritional supplementation, management of nutritional complications, and strategies for treatment adherence. CONCLUSIONS: The developed guide is an essential tool for nutritionists, providing standardization in clinical practice and promoting safer and more effective nutritional care, significantly improving clinical outcomes and quality of life for patients undergoing bariatric surgery.