Filosofar com Clarice Lispector: o conto Amor como recurso para o ensino do existencialismo

Abstract

This study investigates the use of literature as a methodological resource for teaching Philosophy in Basic Education, through an articulation between Sartrean existentialism and Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutics. The object of analysis is the short story “Amor” by Clarice Lispector, examined both as a literary expression of existential themes and as a pedagogical device capable of mediating the relationship between students’ lived experience and conceptual philosophical reflection. The research is grounded in the understanding that literary narrative is not merely a didactic ornament, but a formative space in which meanings related to being, freedom, responsibility, and the human condition are configured.

From a theoretical perspective, the study draws on Jean-Paul Sartre’s phenomenology and existentialism, especially the categories of being-in-itself and being-for-itself, as well as on Ricoeur’s notion of narrative as a mediation between time, experience, and self-understanding. Methodologically, it adopts a qualitative, hermeneutic approach, guided by the interpretative reading of the literary text and the analysis of its didactic and pedagogical potential in the school context.

As a result, an interdisciplinary methodological proposal is developed, integrating literature and philosophy in secondary education. This proposal is structured in stages of reading, problematization, conceptual discussion, and reflective production. It culminates in the creation of an educational product aimed at teaching practice, offering guidelines, activities, and strategies for applying the short story in the classroom as a means of introducing and deepening key concepts of existentialism. The study concludes that the articulation between literary narrative and philosophical reflection fosters students’ interpretative autonomy, ethical sensitivity, and critical awareness, contributing to a form of education that goes beyond the mere transmission of content and is oriented toward the experience of meaning