Diagnóstico da cadeia produtiva da bovinocultura de corte no Amazonas, Brasil

Abstract

This study conducted a productive and economic diagnosis of the beef cattle chain in Amazonas, analyzing data from 2000 to 2023 organized by subregions. The activity showed growth over the period, but with strong concentration in the southern part of the state, especially in the Purus and Madeira subregions, which together accounted for more than 75% of state production in 2023. The descriptive analysis revealed significant interannual variations in the participation of subregions, reflecting market fluctuations, input costs, climatic conditions, and logistical limitations. Econometric results, obtained through fixed effects panel data models, showed that the number of cattle and productive yield were the variables with the greatest influence on production, with elasticities close to 1.14. In contrast, the average price paid to producers and the number of farmers showed marginal or negative effects, suggesting that growth in the activity depends more on productivity gains through investments in management, genetics, and technology than on herd expansion or short-term price increases. Structural challenges remain, such as high input costs, lack of technical assistance, and logistical deficiencies. Thus, public policies are essential to consolidate greater efficiency and sustainability.